Ensayos por Líquidos Penetrantes (PT)

  • Dye Penetrant Examination of elements | Badanie penetracyjne elementów
  • Indications revealed by dye penetrant test of blades | Wskazania ujawnione badaniem penetracyjnym łopat
  • Weld crack revealed by dye penetrant test | Pęknięcie spoiny ujawnione badaniem penetracyjnym
  • Dye Penetrant Inspection of weld | Badanie penetracyjne spoiny

Ensayos por Líquidos Penetrantes Imágenes

Why choose us?

  • We deliver on promises – when we say we’ll do something, we do it!
  • Flexible service with quick turnaround times
  • Independent and impartial testing
  • Wide range of testing services
  • Highly trained and certified, multi-disciplined specialists
  • Modern and always well-calibrated equipment
  • Testing performed according to the written procedures approved by a level III NDT engineer
  • Quality service verified and confirmed by various approvals
  • Always ready to answer questions on testing and quality assurance

Service Information

Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT)

Penetrant examination is an effective and relatively low-cost method for locating surface-breaking defects on clean, fairly smooth, nonporous surfaces. Penetrant testing is widely used to detect surface-breaking flaws in both ferrous and nonferrous materials. A liquid penetrant examination is a testing method that supplement visual inspection, revealing defects that would be invisible or difficult to detect by the naked eye. It can be used both on-site or in a laboratory application with either color contrast or fluorescent techniques. In the laboratory, it is particularly suitable for the inspection of batch quantities of machined parts.

Penetrant examination reveals surface-breaking flaws in the form of bleed out of a visible or fluorescent dye. The technique is based on the ability of a liquid penetrant to be drawn into a clean surface breaking flaw by capillary action. After a period of time, known as dwell, excess surface penetrant is removed and a developer is applied. The developer draws the penetrant from the flaw to reveal its presence and produce a surface indication which under proper lighting conditions can be evaluated by a qualified inspector against applicable standards or per client’s specification.

At LBNiW, we utilize penetrant inspection on metallic and non-metallic specimens identifying various surface defects. Typical on-site applications include welds, castings, forgings, and structures. Our penetrant testing techniques detect the following defects:

  • Welds: cracks, porosity, undercuts, overlap, lack of fusion or lack of penetration
  • Forgings: illuminating cracks, laps or external bursts
  • Rolled products: cracks, seams or laminations
  • Castings: cold shuts, hot tears, porosity, blow holes or shrinkage
  • In-service components: fatigue cracks

Our Qualifications

At LBNiW, we provide highly skilled and experienced penetrant testing specialists qualified and certified to level 2 according to ISO 9712 (EN473). Our PT services are available in-house and on-site for either new build or in-service applications. Our inspectors have spent many years performing PT testing of equipment across various industries; they know where to look and what to look for beyond the obvious. They can identify potential problems so they can be addressed before they become critical. They operate with integrity and according to the standards defined by respected industry bodies. The industry best practices are incorporated into our latest working procedures, which are set out in our comprehensive quality management system.

Advantages of Liquid Penetrant Testing Method

  • Highly sensitive method, capable of finding very fine flaws
  • Relatively easy to use
  • Expedient inspection results
  • Used on a wide range of material types (any nonporous material can be inspected)
  • Large areas or large volumes of parts/material can be inspected rapidly and at low cost
  • Test objects with complex geometries can be inspected easily
  • Indications are produced directly on the surface of the part providing a visual image of the anomaly
  • Portable technique especially with the use of aerosol spray consumables

Disadvantages of Liquid Penetrant Testing Method

  • Can only detect defects open to the surface
  • Surface preparation before testing including cleaning, de-greasing, and drying, can be time consuming
  • The method cannot be applied to painted objects
  • Unsuitable for very rough surfaces
  • Interpretation of results is sometimes difficult as spurious indications are possible from surface blemishes
  • It may pose a risk to fumes exposure, particularly in confined spaces
  • Precautions must be taken with respect to handling penetrant chemicals

Relevant Codes & Standards

Application Specific Standards

  • UNE-EN 12952-6, Calderas acuotubulares e instalaciones auxiliares. Parte 6: Inspección durante la construcción; documentación y marcado de las partes sometidas a presión de la caldera.
  • UNE-EN 12953-5, Calderas pirotubulares. Parte 5: Inspección durante la construcción, documentación y marcado de las partes a presión de la caldera.
  • UNE-EN 13480-5, Tuberías metálicas industriales. Parte 5: Inspección y ensayos.
  • UNE-EN 13445-5, Recipientes a presión no sometidos a llama. Parte 5: Inspección y ensayos.
  • UNE-EN 12732, Infraestructuras gasistas. Soldeo de las tuberías de acero. Requisitos funcionales
  • UNE-EN 14015, Especificación para el diseńo y fabricación de tanques de acero construidos en el lugar de emplazamiento, verticales, cilíndricos, de fondo plano, no enterrados, soldados, para el almacenamiento de líquidos a temperatura ambiente y superior.
  • UNE-EN 1090-2, Ejecución de estructuras de acero y aluminio. Parte 2: Requisitos técnicos para la ejecución de estructuras de acero
  • UNE-EN 14197-2, Recipientes criogénicos. Recipientes estáticos no aislados al vacío. Parte 2: Diseńo, fabricación, inspección y ensayo.
  • UNE-EN 13458-2, Recipientes criogénicos. Recipientes estáticos aislados al vacío. Parte 2: Diseńo, fabricación, inspección y ensayos.
  • UNE-EN ISO 9606-1, Cualificación de soldadores. Soldeo por fusión. Parte 1: Aceros
  • UNE-EN ISO 9606-2, Cualificación de soldadores. Soldeo por fusión. Parte 2: Aluminio y aleaciones de aluminio.
  • UNE-EN ISO 15614-1, Especificación y cualificación de los procedimientos de soldeo para los materiales metálicos. Ensayo de procedimiento de soldeo. Parte 1: Soldeo por arco y con gas de aceros y soldeo por arco de níquel y sus aleaciones.
  • UNE-EN ISO 17635, Ensayo no destructivo de uniones soldadas. Reglas generales para los materiales metálicos.

Standards Specific to Liquid Penetrant Examination

  • UNE-EN ISO 23277, Ensayo no destructivo de uniones soldadas. Ensayo mediante líquidos penetrantes. Niveles de aceptación.
  • UNE-EN 1371-1, Fundición. Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes. Parte 1: Piezas moldeadas en arena, en coquilla, por gravedad y a baja presión.
  • UNE-EN 1371-2, Fundición. Inspección por líquidos penetrantes. Parte 2: Fundición a la cera perdida.
  • UNE-EN 10228-2, Ensayos no destructivos de piezas de acero forjadas. Parte 2: Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes.
  • UNE-EN ISO 3452-1, Ensayos no destructivos. Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes. Parte 1: Principios generales.
  • UNE-EN ISO 3452-2, Ensayos no destructivos. Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes. Parte 2: Ensayo de productos penetrantes
  • UNE-EN ISO 3452-3, Ensayos no destructivos. Ensayos por líquidos penetrantes. Parte 3: Bloques patrón
  • UNE-EN ISO 3452-4, Ensayos no destructivos. Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes. Parte 4: Equipo.
  • UNE-EN ISO 3452-5, Ensayos no destructivos. Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes. Parte 5: Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes a temperaturas superiores a 50 şC
  • UNE-EN ISO 3452-6, Ensayos no destructivos. Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes. Parte 6: Ensayo por líquidos penetrantes a temperaturas inferiores a 10 şC
  • UNE-EN ISO 3059, Ensayos no destructivos. Ensayo mediante líquidos penetrantes y partículas magnéticas. Condiciones de observación.
  • UNE-EN ISO 12706, Ensayos no destructivos. Ensayos por líquidos penetrantes. Vocabulario.
  • ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Sección V Artículo 6 — Ensayos por líquidos penetrantes

Our PT Resources

We utilize penetrant systems by MR® Chemie GmbH